Anxiety Disorders and Childhood ADHD   Frank Barnhill M.D.
 

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ADHD diagnosis and treatment are difficult under the best of circumstances, but when anxiety is added to the picture, things change rather dramatically.

As many as 25 to 40% of all ADHD kids, experience some type of anxiety disorder in addition to the emotional stresses of their ADHD. These anxiety disorders include social phobia, separation anxiety, performance anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder.

Keep in mind that a child could possibly suffer from all five or a mixture of each of the individual anxiety types. So, a child’s emotional picture may not be crystal clear as you struggle to figure out why your ADHDer is not responding to medications.

Just like ADHD, anxiety is not an all or none disorder. A kid may appear a little anxious or a lot anxious dependent upon how the symptoms of anxiety are perceived and who is taking notes.

Key Note: It is very important for you to remember that most ADHD kids do not realize they have become anxious, in contrast to most ADHD adults! They do not perceive anxiety for what it is and will not come to you explaining
they feel anxious and ask for help like an adult.

So what should you look for to decide if your ADHD
child also suffers from anxiety?

Anxiety can cause an ADHD child to:

Be more restless than usual (out of seat in class)

Have a sudden worsening of inattentiveness or forgetfulness

Suddenly make worse grades without any other changes in life

Become more irritable, oppositional or defiant (refusing to do homework)

Become more impulsive (trying to decrease the energy of the stress of anxiety)

Become withdrawn from family, friends or social occasions (particularly girls)

Develop sleep problems such as nightmares, restless sleep or insomnia

Hide report cards and letters from teachers and counselors (performance issues)

Appear depressed and cry for no reason (depression and frustration)

Become obsessed with a ritual such as hand washing or cleanliness (germ-safety-fear issues)

Complain of more headaches, stomachaches, fatigue or just not feeling well.

Suddenly stop responding to medication that has worked

Once you have observed these changes associated with anxiety in the face of ADHD, what should you do?

If possible, identify the anxiety type causing most of the behavior change. Is it fear, insecurity, a response to a horrible event, or unknown?

Involve your family physician, pediatrician, psychologist or ADHD specialist as soon as possible

Help your doctor decide which anxiety related disorder should be treated first so that the area of greatest impairment is corrected first. This will result in a faster decrease in your child’s anxiety and may return them back to a “near-normal status”.

Provide your child with open conversation opportunities to allow them to discuss fears, feelings of insecurity, feelings of loss or abandonment and fear of failure. The death of a loved pet, friend or grandparent may be the source of such fears. A personal near death experience, such as being in a car wreck, could also provide the basis.

Work with your doctor to decide about medications used for anxiety, such as buspirone, paroxetine, venlafaxine, buproprion, and depakote. These are not addicting and can be used in very small amounts with good results.

Discuss referral for family counseling. Everyone will need to be involved as anxiety and panic disorders can be terribly hard to treat without the entire family “buying-in” to the plan.

Openly explain what is going on in your child’s life to teachers, other parents and extended family members. The larger your emotional support base, the more likely treatment will be successful.

Work with your child on social issues, such as having more than one friend or attending over-night parties. You may have to approach this slowly at first because this is where a lot of security issues usually pop up.

Above all, be supportive of your child’s emotional need for reassurance and frequent pats on the back

I’m sure by now; you can see how complex ADHD becomes when anxiety is added to the emotional roller coaster ADHDers ride. Please share your comments about this very difficult disorder to diagnose and treat.

Dr. Frank
 


These health tips are offered for your common sense use and are not intended to take the place of a visit to your doctor.  Your use of the materials implies your understanding that nothing herein contained represents individual medical advice.

drhuggiebear, drhuggiebear.com and contained materials are the copyrighted and/or registered properties of Frank Barnhill, M.D. and may not be reproduced for profit without the express written permission of the author.  All materials may be photocopied in whole for educational use.  For information please contact us at drfrank@drhuggiebear.com.

 
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